Qomolangma National Nature Reserve is located in Tingri County, Nylam County, Kylong County, Dinggye County, and on the boarder between Tibet and Nepal. With a total area of 33,819 square kilometers, Qomolangma National Nature Reserve is mainly located on the north slope of Qomolangma. Its altitude is most 4,000 meters to 5,000 meters and its relative altitude difference is up to 7,408 meters (1440 meters - 8,844.43 meters}. It was approved to build by the government of Tibet Autonomous Region in 1944 and is promoted to national nature reserve in 1944. There are famous peaks (Qomolangma, Lhotse, Changtse, Qowowuyag (Cho Oyu) Peak, etc.), Everest Base Camp and five valleys (Chengtang Valley, Gama Valley, Rongxia Valley, Changtse Valley, Kyirong Valley).
Himalayas in the reserve are the highest part of the whole mountains, and there are eleven peaks with 8,000 meters, five peaks of which are located in Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, the world’s first highest peak Everest with 8844.43 meters, the fourth Lhotse with 8,516 meters, the fifth Makalu with 8,463 meters, the sixth Qowowuyag (Cho Oyu) Peak with 8,201 meters, the fourteenth Shishapangma with 8,012 meters.
Qomolangma National Nature Reserve mainly protects higher mountain ecosystem, mountain forest ecosystem, bush steppe and meadow ecosystem, and even the biodiversity in it. At the same time, it also protects the synthetic nature reserve with great scientific research value, such as the local Tibetan historical and cultural heritage.
Animal
By 2004, there were 53 species of mammals, 206 species of birds, 8 species of amphibians, 6 species of reptiles, and 10 species of fish in the reserve. According to incomplete statistics, there are 160 species of more than 50 families of known medicinal plants in the reserve. Livestock breeds include yak, ox, yak, horse, mule, donkey, goat, sheep, and so on.
By 2013, there are many rare wild animals in the area:
Macaca assamensis, Presbytis entellus, Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, V. ferrilata, Ursus arctos, Selenarctos thibetanus, Ailurus fulgeus, Martes flavigula, Mustela altaica, Aonyx cinerea, Paguma lanigera, Felis chaus, F. manul, F. temmincki, F. gengalensis, Felis lynx, Panthera uncia, Equus kiang, Sus scrofa, Moschus chrysogaster, Muntiacus muntjak, Procapra picticaudata, Capricornis sumatraensis, Naemorhedus goral, Hemitragus jemlahicus, Pseudois nayaur, Ovis ammon, Tadorna ferruginea, Tadorna tadorna, Aythya fuligula, Mergus mergansei, Milvus korschun, Accipiter gentilis, Accipiter nisus, Aquila rapax, Haliaeetus leucoryphus, Aegypius monachus, Gyps himalayensis, Gypaetus barbatus, Circus cyaneus, Falco cherrug, Falco subbuteo, Tetraogallus tibetanus, Tragopan satyra, Ithaginis cruentus, Lophophorus impejanus, Grus nigricollis, Treron sphenura, Syrrhaptes tibetanus, Aethopyga gouldiae, Aethopyga nipalensis.
National First Class Protected Animals
Macaca assamensis, Presbytis entellus, Panthera pardus, Panthera uncia, Equus kiang, Hemitragus jemlahicus, Haliaeetus leucoryphus, Gypaetus barbatus, Tragopan satyra, Lophophorus impejanus, Grus nigricollis.
National Second Class Protected Animals
Selenarctos thibetanus, Ursus arctos, Ailurus fulgens, Martes flavigula, Aonyx cinerea, Felis chaus, Felis lynx, Felis manul, Felis temmincki, Moschus chrysogaster, Moschus sifanicus, Procapra picticaudata, Capricornis sumatraensis, Naemorhedus goral, Pseudois nayaur, Ovis ammon, Milvus korschun, Accipiter gentilis, Accipiter nisus, Aquila rapax, Aegypius monachus, Cyps himalayensis, Circus cyaneus, Falco cherrug, Falco subbuteo, Tetraogallus tibetanus, Ithaginis cruentus, Lophura leucomelana, Treron sphenura.
Plant
There are 2348 species of higher plants in the Everest Nature Reserve, including 2106 species of angiosperms, 20 species of gymnosperms, 222 species of ferns, 472 species of mosses, 172 species of lichens, and 136 species of fungus.
There are various crops, including wheat, barley, buckwheat, chicken feet, corn, potatoes, peas, rape, etc.
Second Class National Protected Plants
Alcimandra cathcartii, Tetracentron sinense, Trillium govanianum.
Third Class National Protected Plants
Gastrodia elata, Malus sikkimensis, Panax pseudoginseng, Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Picea smithiana, Pinus roxburghii, Sinopodophyllum emodi.
